Common independent suspensions include McPherson independent suspension, multi-link independent suspension, and double wishbone independent suspension.
McPherson independent suspension is a popular one at present. It is generally used for the front wheels of vehicles. It consists of coil springs, shock absorbers, triangular lower arm, and most models also have lateral stabilizer bars. Its advantages are simple structure, low cost, small space occupation, light weight, fast response speed, automatic adjustment of wheel camber angle, and maximum tire contact area when turning.
Multi-link independent suspension consists of 3 or more connecting rods, which can provide multi-directional control force, ensure vehicle comfort, make the wheels and the ground as vertical as possible, reduce body tilt, and maintain tire contact. It is an outstanding system in current suspension design.
Common non-independent suspensions include torsion beam non-independent suspensions.
In addition, according to the difference in control force, suspension can be divided into passive suspension, semi-active suspension and active suspension. The spring stiffness and shock absorber damping of the suspension are key, and can be adjusted according to different road conditions during driving.
According to the control method, the suspension is divided into mechanical suspension and electronically controlled suspension. Mechanical suspension reduces vibration through its own system performance, while electronically controlled suspension is more intelligent.
According to the control form, the suspension is divided into passive suspension, that is, mechanical suspension, and active suspension, such as air suspension.
